Considering some of the technical specs of modern wireless outdoor speakers presented at this link, one cannot help but be at a loss in trying to compare various models. In this editorial, I am going to take a closer look at one of the most fundamental of these terms: “loudspeaker output power”. This specification is also referred to as “speaker wattage”.
A few of the terms that loudspeaker producers show often are misleading and do not automatically give a good indication of the actual performance of the speaker. Next I will clarify the “power” rating of loudspeakers. This spec is one of the most fundamental and possibly important specs to understand.
“Wattage” is sometimes also known as “Power” or “loudspeaker output power”. To put it in a nutshell, “output power” relates to how much power your loudspeaker can endure without damage. The bigger this number usually the louder your loudspeakers. Depending on your application, you can choose a small loudspeaker tolerating merely a few watts or a larger one enduring several hundred watts. A lot of smaller home speakers merely can be driven with a few watts power which typically is sufficient for a small room. If you plan to shake your walls then you obviously want to choose a speaker that has up to several hundred watts. The majority of loudspeakers are going to show increasing music distortion as output power increases. Therefore, you want to pick a loudspeaker that has bigger output power than you are going to really need. This is going to guarantee that you are going to never drive the speaker into regions of high distortion.
There are two widespread ways to show speaker power. These are “peak power” and “rms power”. “Peak power” describes how much wattage the speaker can endure for a short burst. On the other hand, “rms power” shows how much wattage the speaker can endure for a prolonged amount of time without being damaged. The peak rating has been to some extent abused by vendors displaying huge peak audio wattage while their speakers are in fact very small and unable to handle more than merely a few watts rms power.
Music and voice is not uniform in terms of volume. Therefore the peak power spec is still important, although not as important as the rms power spec. Ideally the speaker will display both the rms and peak power spec. Having a large peak power spec will make sure enough headroom for power peaks that are typical in music signals. Having sufficient headroom is vital because music signals vary a lot from sine wave signals that are used in order to calculate rms wattage. Short bursts of high power are often found in music signals. These peaks are going to drive the loudspeaker into large distortion unless the peak wattage is large enough.
Typically the impedance of the loudspeakers which you connect to your amp is going to determine how much output power your amp can deliver. Loudspeaker impedance is measured in Ohms. Generally loudspeakers have an impedance between 4 and 8 Ohms. Due to the restricted supply voltage of your audio amplifier, the largest output power will be half if you connect an 8-Ohm loudspeaker than the peak output power that the amplifier may provide to a 4-Ohm speaker. Commonly a 4-Ohm loudspeaker is used as a reference.
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